《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(7): 1029-1037

间作玉米穗位叶的光合和荧光特性

焦念元^*,**, 李亚辉^*, 李法鹏, 胡浩博, 穆耀东, 张煜帛, 张岳

河南科技大学农学院, 河南洛阳471003

通信作者：焦念元；E-mail: jiaony1@163.com；Tel: 0379-64282340

摘　要：

探明间作玉米穗位叶的光合和荧光特性, 对揭示其增强强光利用能力机理具有重要意义。本试验研究了玉米花生间作体系中玉米穗位叶的气体交换参数和快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线特点。结果表明, 与单作玉米相比, 间作显著提高了玉米穗位叶处的透光率, 穗位叶花后的净光合速率(P_n)、羧化效率(CE)、CO₂饱和点(C_isat)、Rubisco最大羧化效率(V_cmax)以及最大电子传递速率(J_max)大幅提高; JIP-test分析发现荧光诱导曲线中K点和J点没有显著上升, 说明强光并未对PSII受体侧和供体侧造成伤害; 间作显著提高了玉米穗位叶PSII单位面积吸收(ABS/CS)、捕获(TR_o/CS)和用于电子传递的能量(ET_o/CS)。这表明玉米花生间作有利于间作玉米穗位叶对光能的吸收, 叶片固碳羧化能力的增强, 光合速率的提高, 具有显著的产量间作优势。

关键词：间作玉米; 光合; 羧化; 叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线

收稿：2015-02-09   修定：2015-06-01

资助：国家自然科学基金(U1404315)、河南科技大学创新能力培育基金(2012ZCX020)和大学生科研训练计划(2014244)。 * 共同第一作者。

Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics in Ear Leaves of Intercropped Maize

JIAO Nian-Yuan^*,**, LI Ya-Hui^*, LI Fa-Peng, HU Hao-Bo, MU Yao-Dong, ZHANG Yu-Bo, ZHANG Yue

College of Agricultural, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China

Corresponding author: JIAO Nian-Yuan; E-mail: jiaony1@163.com; Tel: 0379-64282340

Abstract:

Our objective was to determine photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics in ear leaves of intercropped maize, which has great significance to reveal the mechanism of maize-peanut intercropping enhanced utilization ability of strong light. The gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence transient characteristics of intercropped maize ear leaves were studied in maize-peanut intercropping system. The results showed that comparing with sole-cropped maize, maize-peanut intercropping significantly enhanced the light transmittance in maize ear leaves, and the net photosynthetic rate (P_n), carboxylation efficiency (CE), CO₂ saturation point (C_isat), the maximum carboxylation efficiency of Rubisco (V_cmax) and the maximum transport rate of electron (J_max) of maize ear leaves after anthesis were obviously improved. By analyzing the JIPtest, it was found that the K and J steps at chlorophyll a fluorescence transient of intercropped maize ear leaves were not significantly increased, which indicated that the donor side and acceptor side of PSII were not damaged by strong light. Intercropping significantly increased the absorption per unit area (ABS/CS), capture per CS (TR_o/CS), and electron transport flux per CS (ET_o/CS) of PSII energy. It indicated that maize-peanut intercropping was benefit to absorbing light energy of maize ear leaves, enhanced carboxylation efficiency, improved the photosynthetic rate, and significantly showed the yield advantage of intercropping system.

Key words: intercropped maize; photosynthesis; carboxylation; chlorophyll a fluorescence transient